अथातः स्नेहविधिमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः । इति ह स्माहुरात्रेयादयो महर्षयः ॥ १ ॥
We will now expound the chapter knows as Snehavidhi (oleation or lubrication therapy; thus said atreya and other great sages (1)
स्नेहादिषूपयोगाय तद्व्यापच्छमनाय च । कुर्यात् प्रागेव तद्योगिद्रव्यसम्भारसङ्ग्रहम् ॥२॥
All the materials required for use during the course of oleation (lubrication) and other therapies and those required for treating the complications of these therapies be should collected (and kept ready) before hand (before commencing the therapies). (2)
Snehagunah – qualities of fats
गुरुशीतसरस्निग्धमन्दसूक्ष्ममृदुद्रवम् । औषधं स्नेहनं प्रायो विपरीतं विरूक्षणम् ॥३॥
Generally, drugs which are guru (heavy), Sita (cold), sara (mobile), snigdha (fatty / oily), manda ( slow), suksma ( subtle), mrdu (soft) and drava (liquid) are snehana (cause lubrication, unctousness); those which are of opposite qualities are ruksana (cause dryness ) ( 3 )
Sneha dravya – fatty materials
सर्पिर्मज्जा वसा तैलं स्नेहेषु प्रवरं मतम् । तत्रापि चोत्तमं सर्पिः संस्कारस्यानुवर्तनात् ॥४॥
माधुर्यादविदाहित्वाज्जन्माद्येव च शीलनात् ।
Sarpi (ghee-butter-fat), majja (marrow), vasa (muscle-fat) and taila (oil of sesamum) are ideal among all fats ( lubricants) and ghee is best of all, because of its ability to acquire the properties of processing (with addition of other drugs etc.) is of sweet taste, not causing burning sensation during digestion and being in use since birth. (4-44)
पित्तघ्नास्ते यथापूर्वमितरघ्ना यथोत्तरम् ॥५॥ घृतात्तैलं गुरु वसा तैलान्मज्जा ततोऽपि च ।
In their preceding (reverse) order they ( lubricants) mitigate pitta and in their succeeding order they mitigate the remaining doshas; oil is more heavy (difficult to digest) than ghee, muscle-fat more heavy than oil, marrow is most heavy (very difficult for digestion). (5)
द्वाभ्या त्रिभिश्चतुर्भिस्तैर्यमकस्त्रिवृतो महान् ॥६॥ स्नेहाशया दधिक्षीरं मांसास्थिफलदारु च ।
Combination of two, three and all the four of these, are known as, yamaka sneha, trivrtsneha and mahansneha respectively; the sources of these ( lubricating ) substances are curds, milk, muscle, bone, fruits and stems.
Notes: Curds and milk are the sources of ghee, muscle is the source of muscle fat, bone is of marrow, fruits (and also seeds) and stem for oils.
Sneha yogya – persons fit for oleation
स्वेद्यसंशोध्यमद्यस्त्रीव्यायामासक्तचिन्तिकाः। वृद्धबालाबलकृशा रूक्षाः क्षीणास्ररेतसः ॥७॥ वातार्तस्यन्दतिमिरदारुणप्रतिबोधिनः स्नेह्याः ।
The following persons are eligible for oleation therapy :- those who are to be administered sudation and purificatory therapies, who are deeply absorbed in wine, women and physical exercises; who are greatly worried, the aged, the children, the weak, the emaciated, the dry, those who are depleted of blood and reproductive tissue, those suffering from diseases of Vata origin, diseases of the eyes such as opthalmia, blindness and difficulty in opening of eyelids (due to diseases of eyelids). (7-8a).
Asnehya – persons unfit for oleation
न त्वतिमन्दाग्नितीक्ष्णाग्निस्थूलदुर्बलाः। ऊरुस्तम्भाऽतिसारामगलरोगगरोदरैः ॥ ८ ॥
मूर्छाछर्द्यरुचिश्लेष्मतृष्णामद्यैश्च पीडिताः । अपप्रसूता युक्ते च नस्ये बस्तौ विरेचने ॥९॥
The following are not eligible for oleation therpay-those who have very poor digestive activity or very powerful digestive activity; who are obese, weak, those suffering from stiffness of the thighs, diarrhoea, ama (digestive toxins), diseases of the throat, gara (homicidal poisoning), fainting, vomiting, loss of appetite, diseases of kapha origin, thirst, alcoholic intoxication, those who had abnormal delivery and those who are undergoing therapies such as nasal medication, emema and purgation. (8b-9)
Ghrita – Ghee indications
तत्रधीस्मृतिमेधाग्निकाङ्क्षिणांशस्यतेघृतम् । ग्रन्थिनाडीकृमिश्लेष्ममेदोमारुतरोगिषु ॥ १० ॥
तैलं लाघवदार्ढ्यार्थिक्रूरकोष्ठेषु देहिषु । वातातपाध्वभारस्त्रीव्यायामक्षीणधातुषु ॥ ११ ॥
रूक्षक्लेशक्षमात्यग्निवातावृतपथेषु च । शेषौ वसा तु सन्ध्यस्थिमर्मकोष्ठरुजासु च ॥ १२ ॥ तथादग्धाहतभ्रष्टयोनिकर्णशिरोरुजि ।
Administration of ghrta (ghee) is best for those who are desirous of intelligence, memory, wisdom and good digestive capacity. for those suffering tumors, sinus ulcers, worms, diseases of kapha, medas (fat) and vata origin;
Taila Indications
Taila (oil) is best for those who desire thinning of the body and stability and those with hard bowel movements;
Vasa and Majja Indications
the remaining (vasa and majja) are suitable. Vasa (muscle-fat) is ideal for those whose tissues have become weak by excessive exposure to breeze, sunlight, long distance walk, lifting weights, sexual act and exercises; who are dry all over, who try to withstand strain, who have very powerful digestion and in whom the channels of vata are obstructed; muscle-fat is best even for those suffering from diseases of the joints, bones, vital organs, alimentary tract; who have burns, who have been injured, who have prolapse of the uterus, diseases of the ears and head. (10-12a)
तैलं प्रावृषि वर्षान्ते सर्पिरन्यौ तु माधवे । सर्वं सर्वस्य च स्नेहं युञ्ज्यात् भास्वति निर्मले ॥ १३ ॥ ऋतौ साधारणे –
Oil is to be used during pravrt (first rainy season),
ghee at the end of varsa (season of heavy rain),
Vasa and Majja during madhava (vasanta spring).
All these substances can be used by all eligible persons during ordinary (temporate) seasons when the sky is clear. (13)
Notes: Oil being very efficient to mitigate vata it is prescribed during pravrit (first rainy season) when vata will have undergone increase,
Ghee being the best to mitigate pitta, it is to be used during sarat season when it will have undergone increase, Vasanta sarat and pravrt are the ordinary (temporate) seasons during which any of the fatty materials can be used.
दोषसाम्येऽनिलकफे कफे। दिवा निश्यनिले पित्ते संसर्गे पित्तवत्यपि ॥१४॥
When the doshas are normal (in a healthy person), and when vata and kapha together or kapha alone have undergone increase-these lubricating substances should be administered during day.
When pitta and vata have undergone an increase either separately or together or pitta and kapha together have increased, lubricating substances should be given at night. (14)
त्वरमाणे तु शीतेऽपि दिवा तैलं च योजयेत् । उष्णेऽपि रात्रौ सर्पिश्च दोषादीन्वीक्ष्य चान्यथा ॥ १५ ॥
निश्यश्नुते वातकफाद्रोगानहनि पित्ततः ।
In case of urgency, oil can be given even during day even though it is cold season, so also ghee can be given at nights though it is hot season, depending upon the doshas; but not otherwise. Using lubricating substances at night will produce diseases of vata and kapha origin whereas using them at day leads to diseases of pitta origin. (15-15+)
Notes: The terms cold and hot in this verse refer to the seasons or climatic effects. The time of administration of oleating substances differs from one disease to the other depending upon the doshas and dushyas involved and such time will be indicated in the text while describing the treatment of diseases which should be adhered to, but in case of emergency, the changes as indicated above can be made.
Sneha Kalpa – modes of administration
युक्तयावचारयेत् स्नेहं भक्ष्याद्यन्नेन बस्तिभिः । नस्याभ्यञ्जनगण्डूषमूर्धकर्णाक्षितर्पणै; ॥१६॥ रसभेदैककत्वाभ्या चतुष्पष्टिर्विचारणाः । स्नेहस्यान्याभिभूतत्वादल्पत्वाच्च क्रमात्स्मृता;॥१७॥ यथोक्तहेत्वभावाच्च नाच्छपेयो विचारणा। स्नेहस्य कल्पः स श्रेष्ठः स्नेहकर्माशुसाधनात् ॥१८॥
Use of lubricating substances should be made intelligently, either mixed with eatables, food or used through enema, nasal drops, anointing over the body, mouth gargles, anointing over the head, filling the eyes and ears etc.
Dwividha Kalpa – two chief modes
It can be counted as of sixty four kinds in accordance with, that (similar) number of combinations of rasas (the six tastes) described earlier (chapter 18) and are known as Vicharana.
In this (vicarana) method, the lubricating materials are mixed with some other substances (foods etc.) and so is of very little quantity; because of these reasons, Acchapeya (drinking of fatty materials alone without any admixture) is not called vicarana. Among these two, the benefits of lubrication theapy is best achieved quickly by it (the acchapeya). (16-18)
Notes: Lubricating materials are administered in two ways; oil, ghee or other fats without any admixture or by mixing them with food or other eatables. The former medhod is called as Achchapana – (pure drink) and the latter is Vicharana (admixture), the former is better than the latter. As it is difficult to administer a pure drink of oil, ghee etc., to some persons, so an alternate method of Vicharana has been devised, by which lubricating materials can be administered even without the knowledge of the person.
Snehamatra – quantity
द्वाभ्यां चतुर्भिरष्टाभिर्योमैर्जीर्यन्ति याः क्रमात् । ह्रस्वमध्योत्तमा मात्रास्तास्ताभ्यश्च ह्रसीयसीम्॥१९॥
कल्पयेद्वक्ष्य दोषादीन् प्रागेवतु ह्रसीयसीम् । अज्ञातकोष्ठे हि बहुः कुर्याज्जीवितसंशयम् ॥२०॥
The quantity of lubricating material which can be digested in two, four and eight yamas is the low, medium (moderate) and high doses respectively. Even in each of these doses, the least quantity should be administered.
Keeping in mind the condition of the doshas etc., the least dose should be determined. Administration of large quantities may sometimes create doubt about the life of the person itself (19-20)
Notes: Two, four and eight yamas are equivalent to six, twelve and twenty-four hours respectively. All ancient authorities are not inclined to denote these doses of lubricating materials in terms of specific measures like Karsa, Pala etc., because the dose has to be different from person to person depending upon his digestive capacity, physical strength etc. Arunadatta, the celebrated commentator of Astanga, Hrdaya refers to the opinion of some authorities to fix two, four and six palas as the three doses respectively but says that it is contrary to the opinion of the sages. The other commentators are silent on this issue. Sarngadhara mentions both views without expressing his own opinion and preference.
तत्र दुर्बलमन्दाग्निबालबृद्धसुखात्मकैः । अपथ्यरिक्तकोष्ठत्वज्वरातीसारकासिभिः ॥२१॥
ह्रस्वा पेया सुखा सा हि परिहारेऽनुवर्तते । चिराच्च बल्या न रुजे व्यापन्नापि प्रकल्पते ॥२२॥
For those who are having weak digestion, children, the aged, the tender, whose alimentary tract is not functioning normally and remains empty, those suffering from fever, diarrhoea and cough, the least dose is ideal because it is easy to treat any complications, it gives strength slowly and does not produce any disease though improperly administered. (21-22)
मेहोरु: पिटकाकुष्ठवातशोणितपीडितैः । मध्यमा मृदुकोष्ठैश्च स्नेहनी स्यात्सुखेन सा ॥२३॥
न बलक्षपणी मन्दविभ्रंशा शुद्धयेऽप्यलम् ।
For those who are suffering from diabetes, ulcers, pustules, leprosy and gout, those whose bowel movements are very soft and for those who are to be given only lubrication therapy, moderate (middle) dose is ideal. It does not reduce the strength of the body, can only create mild complications and will be enough to remove the doshas. (23-24)
महादेहानलबलक्षुत्तृट्क्लेशसहिष्णुभिः। गुल्मोदावर्तवीसर्पसर्पदंशाभिपीडितैः॥२४॥
उन्मत्तैः कृच्छ्रमूत्रैश्च महती शीघ्रमेव सा | सर्वमार्गानुसारेण जयेद् व्याधीन्सुयोजिता ॥२५॥
For those who have a large body, whose digestion is very good, who can withstand hunger, thirst and fatigue, who are suffering from abdominal tumors, upward movement of gas (reverse peristalisis), visarpa (erpes), snake-bite, insanity and difficulty in micturition, high (maximum) dose is good because it spreads quickly to all the channels of the body and cures the diseases if properly administered. (24-25)
ह्यस्तने जीर्ण एवान्ने स्नेहोच्छः शुद्धये बहुः । शमनः क्षुद्वतोऽनन्नो मध्यमात्रश्च शस्यते ॥ २६ ॥
बृंहणो रसमाद्याः सभक्तो ल्पो हितः स च ।
If the fatty substances (oils, ghee etc.) are meant for the purpose of suddhi (purification of the body, as a prerequisite for emesis and purgation therapies) it should be in the form of Achchapana (drinking of fatty substances without any admixture), of high dose and given when the food of the previous day has been well digested (i.e. in the mornings);
if it is meant for Samana (mitigation of the disease or doshas only), it should be a middle (moderate ) dose, given when the person is hungry (after the digestion of the food of the previous day when he gets the hunger in the noon);
if it is meant for brimhana (making the body stout) it should be given in the least dose mixed with meat soup or wine along with the food. (26-272)
बालबृद्धपिपासार्तस्त्रेहद्विमद्यशीलिषु ॥ २७ ॥
स्त्रीस्नेहनित्यमन्दाग्निसुखितक्लेशभीरुषु । मृदुकोष्ठाल्पदोषेषु काले चोष्णे कृशेषु च ॥ २८ ॥
It (brimhana sneha ) is beneficial ( ideal ) to the children, the aged, those suffering from thirst, who have aversion to fatty substances, who are habituated to alcoholic drinks, sexual indulgence and fatty foods daily, who have poor digestion, who like happiness (comforts), who are afraid of fatigue, who have soft bowel movements, and mild increase of doshas; who are emaciated and even for others during the hot season. (27-28)
Snehapana kala – ideal time for drinking fats
स्नेहः प्राग्भोजनात् कुर्यादूरुजङ्गाकटीबलम् । वेगानुलोम्यमारोग्यमधःकायगदक्षयम् ॥ २९ ॥
मध्ये बृहत्त्वाग्निबलस्थिरताकुक्षिरुक्शमान् । इन्द्रियस्थिरतामूर्ध्वमूर्ध्वजत्रुगदक्षयम् ॥ ३० ॥
Drinking fatty materials before the midday meal gives strength to the thighs, calves and waist, initiates the urges moving downwards (elimination of urine flatus and feces), improves health and cures the diseases of the lower parts of the body.
Drinking fatty materials during the middle of the (midday) meal produces stoutness of the body, increases digestive power, strength, stoutness of the body, steadiness and relieves the pain in the abdomen and other diseases;
Taken after the midday meal it causes stability of the sense organs and cure of the diseases of the upper parts of the body. (29-30)
Snehapana Vidhi – procedure of oleation therapy
वाते सलवणं सर्पिः पित्ते केवलमिष्यते । वैद्यो दद्यात् बहुकफे क्षारत्रिकटुकान्वितम् ॥३१॥
The pysician should administer to the patient ghee mixed with salt for the treatment of vata (which has undergone increase);
Ghee alone (without any admixture) in case of pitta;
mixed with alkalies and trikatu; in case of profound increase of kapha. (31)
वायु॑ष्णमच्छेऽनुपिबेत्स्त्रेहे तत्सुखपक्तये । आस्योपलेपशुद्ध्यै च तौवरारुष्करे न तु ॥ ३२ ॥ उष्णोपचारः स्नेहे स्यादुष्णो ह्युष्णैर्विरुध्यते ।
Hot water should be given as an after-drink soon after drinking of fats for helping it digestion and cleansing the mouth.
This procedure (drinking hot water) should not be prescribed if the oil of tuvaraka and aruskara are used because both being hot in potency, hot water (and other hot comforts) will be contrary to one another. (31-33a)
ततो गुरुप्रावरणो निवातशयनस्थितः । जरणान्तं प्रतीक्षेत तृष्यनुष्णाल्पवारिपः ॥३३॥
शिरोरुग्भ्रमनिष्ठीवमूर्च्छासादारतिक्लमै: । जानीयाद् भेषजं जीर्यज्जीर्णं तच्छान्तिलाघवात् ॥ ३४॥ अनुलोमानिलस्वास्थ्यक्षुत्तृष्णोद्गारशुद्धिभिः ।
Afterwards, the patient should be covered with thick clothing, made to reside in a room devoid of breeze, awaiting digestion. He should drink a little quantity of warm water if he feels thirsty.
Headache, giddiness, fainting, debility restlessness and exhaustion indicate that the process of digestion of lubricating material is going on. Relief of these symptoms, feeling of lightness of the body, movement of flatus downwards, good hunger, thirst and pure belchings indicate the completion of digestion. (33-34)
जीर्णाजीर्णविशङ्कायां पुनरुष्णोदकं पिबेत् । तेनोद्गारविशुद्धिः स्तात्ततश्च लघुता रुचिः ॥३५॥
In case of doubt of proper digestion or of indigestion, the patient should drink hot water again, till he gets pure belchings, feeling of lightness and desire for food. (35)
भोज्योऽन्नं मात्रया पास्यन् श्वः पिबन् पीतवानपि । द्रवोष्णमनभिष्यन्दि नातिस्निग्धमसङ्करम् ॥३६॥
The person who has taken lubricating material on the previous day or he, who is scheduled to take the next day should take little quantity of food which is liquid, warm, which does not cause obstructions to the channels, without too much fat and which is not a mixture of incompatable substances. ( 36 )
व्यायामवेगसंरोधशोकवर्षहिमातपान् ॥३७॥
प्रवातयानयानाध्वभाष्यात्यासनसंस्थितीः। नीचात्युच्चोपधानाहस्स्वप्नधूमरजांसि च ॥३८॥
यान्यहानि पिबेत्तानि तावन्त्यन्यान्यपि त्यजेत् । सर्वकर्मस्वयं प्रायो व्याधिक्षीणेषु च क्रमः ॥ ३९ ॥
उपचारस्तु शमने कार्य: स्त्रेहे विरिक्तवत् । उष्णोदकोपचारी स्यात् ब्रह्मचारी क्षपाशय:
During the entire period of oleation therapy the patient should use hot water (for drinking and also for other purposes like washing, bathing etc.), have only warm comforts, observe celibacy ( avoid sex ) and avoid sleeping at day, keeping awake at nights, exertion, suppression of the urges, sorrow, rain, mist, sunlight, eastern breeze, riding on animals or vehicles, walking long distances, too much talk, sitting at a place for a long time, use of too low or too high pillows, day sleep, smoke, dust and such other activities till the end of oleation therapy. This regimen is indicated for all other therapies also and even for those who have been debilitated by diseases. (37-39)
In case of oleation being done for mitigating diseases and doshas, the regimen of purgative therapy should be adopted. (392)
स्नेहस्य पानात् पूर्वं च दातव्यं मृदुभेषजम् । उत्तेजनं हुताशस्य कोष्ठलाघवकारि च ॥४०॥
Deepana & Pachana before Snehapana..
Before the patient is given the drink of oleating materials, he should have been given mild doses of medicines to stimulate the digestive actitity and to make the alimentary tract light (by elimination waste products such as faeces and flatus). (40)
त्र्यहमच्छं मृदौ कोष्ठे क्रूरे सप्तदिनं पिबेत् । सम्यस्निग्धोऽथवायावदतः सात्मीभवेत् परम् ॥४१॥
सात्मीभूतो हि कुरुते न मलानामुदीरणम् । अतियोगेन वा व्याधीन् यथाम्बोघोतियोजनात् ॥४२॥
विहत्य सेतु मृत्कोष्ठात् स्रवति क्षपयन् मृदम् । स्त्रेहोऽप्यर्मिं तथा हत्वा स्त्रवति क्षपयंस्तनुम् ॥४३॥
Persons of soft alimentary tract (Mridu Kostha) (soft bowel movements) should drink acchapeya (oleating substances only) for three days continuously
and those of hard tract (Krura Kostha) for seven days or till such time when the person becomes fully lubricated. Afterwards, the person gets accustomed to that material.
Once the material becomes accustomed it does not excite the waste products (to be expelled out) from their places. If the dose of the material or the duration of its use becomes more it causes many diseases to develop in the body. Just as water in a reservoir, held by an earthen dam overflows it carrying the mud also with it, when forced by the clouds and rough wind, so also the lubricating materials destroy the digestive activity, flow out of the body along with the waste products causing great harm to it. (41-43)
Samyak snigdha laksana – symptoms of proper oleation therapy
वातानुलोम्यं दीप्तोऽग्निर्वर्चः स्निग्धमसंहतम् । मृदुस्निग्धाङ्गताग्लानिः स्नेहोद्वेगोऽथलाघवम् ॥४४॥
विमलेन्द्रियता सम्यक् स्निग्धे रूक्षे विपर्ययः ।
Downward movement of the flatus, the kindling of the digestive activity, faeces having a little more faty materials than usual and not assuming a solid shape, the parts of the body becoming soft and smooth, a feeling of exhaustion, the person developing an aversion to the lubricating material, lightness of the body, and acuity of the sense perceptions – these are the symptoms, indicative of proper lubrication of the body. The opposite of these are the symptoms of dryness (absence of lubrication of the body). (44)
Atisnigdha laksana – symptoms of excess therapy
पाण्ड्वामयाङ्गसदनघ्नाणवक्त्रगुदस्त्रवाः । गुददाहारुचिश्छर्दिमूर्छातृष्णाप्रवाहिकाः॥४५॥ शुक्तोद्गारभ्रमश्वासकासाः स्नेहातिसेवनात् ।
Excessive lubrication therapy gives rise to aneamia, debility, exudations from the nose, mouth and anus; burning sensation in the rectum, loss of appetite, vomitting, fainting, thirst, dysenetry, sour belchings, giddiness, dyspnoea and cough. (45)
Sneha Mithya laksana – symptoms of improper therapy
अमात्रयाहितोऽकाले मिथ्याहारविहारतः । स्नेहः करोति शोफार्शस्तन्द्रानिद्राविसंज्ञताः ॥४६॥
कण्डूकुष्ठज्वरोत्क्लेशशूलानाहबलक्षयान् । जठरेन्द्रियदौर्बल्यजाड्यामस्तम्भवाग्ग्रहान्॥४७॥
तांस्तान् स्वदोषहेतूत्थान् पाण्ड्वादींश्चातियोजनात् ।
Lubrication therapy administered in improper doshage, in worng season and with unhealthy foods and activities, will produce dropsy, haemorrhoids, stupor, sleep, loss of consciousness, itching, leprosy (and other skin diseases), fever, nausea, colic, flatulence, a decrease of strength, enlargement of the abdomen, weakness of the sense organs, lassitude, production of undigested materials in the alimentary tract, stiffness, suppression of voice, other symptoms pertaining to one or more of the doshas undergoing abnormality caused by their respective causes; anaemia and other diseases mentioned above under excessive therapy. (46-47)
Snehopadrava chikitsa – management of complications
क्षुत्तृष्णोल्लेखनस्वेदरूक्षपानान्नभेषजम् । तक्रारिष्टखूलोद्दालयवश्यामाककोद्रवाः ॥४८॥
पिप्पलीत्रिफलाक्षौद्रपथ्यागोमूत्रगुग्गुलु । यथास्वं प्रतिरोगं च स्नेहव्यापदि साधनम् ॥४९॥ विरूक्षणे लङ्घनवत् कृतातिकृतलक्षणम् ।
The treatment for the above diseases will consist of the production of hunger, thirst, emesis, perspiration; use of drinks, foods and drugs which create dryness, use of takrarista (fermented liquor prepared from buttermilk), khala (buttermilk sauce), uddala (a kind of rice), yava (barley), syamaka black (millet), kodrava, pippali, triphala, honey, pathya, cow urine and Guggulu used suitably as appropriate to the diseases caused by improper oleation therapy. (48-49)
The features of properly done or improperly done Viruksana (therapy which creates dryness of the body) will be similar to those of Langhana (therapy which causes thinning of the body). (492)
स्त्रेहेन पैत्तिकस्याग्निर्यदा तीव्रतरीकृतः । स्नेहमाशु जरां नीत्वा पुनरोजोऽभितश्चरन् ॥५०॥
उदीरयेत् सोपसर्गां पिपासामस्य बाधिकाम् । सोऽसूंस्त्यजेद्यधुदकं न पिबेदाशु शीतलम् ॥५१॥
शीतसेकावगाहान् वा तत्तृष्णपीडितो भजेत् । स्नेहाग्निना दह्यमानः स्वविषेणेव पन्नगः ॥५२॥
If oleation therapy administered to a person of pitta predominant constitution, stimulates the digestive activity greatly, then the lubricating materials are digested very quickly. The digestive activities move upwards to the region of Ojas (the heart) and produces many fatal diseases associated with severe thirst. If he (the patient) does not drink enough quantity of cold water quickly he is sure to die. He should also be treated with immersion in cold water and such other cold comforts. Just as a snake gets burnt (becomes a victim) of its own poison when it increases, so also the person whose digestive activity has increased due to lubrication therapy. (5052)
अजीर्णे बलवत्या तु शीतैर्दिह्याच्छिरोमुखम् । छर्दयेत्तदशान्तौ च पीत्वा शीतोदकं पुनः ॥५३॥
रूक्षान्नमुल्लिखेद्भुत्क्वा तादृश्यां तु कफानिले । समदोषश्च निः शेषं स्नेहमुष्णाम्बुनोद्धरेत् ॥५४॥
ततो दोषादिबलतः पूर्वोक्तं च विधिं श्रयेत् । न सर्पिः केवलं पित्ते पेयं सामे विशेषतः ॥ सर्वं ह्यनुव्रजेद्देहं हत्वा संज्ञां च मारयेत् ॥५५॥
If the lubricating substances not undergoing digestion, produce severe thirst, the patient’s head and face should be splashed with cold water. If this does not relieve the thirst, the patient should be given cold water to drink and made to vomit; foods which are dry should be given and then made to vomit; These methods should be adopted even for persons who have predominance of kapha and vata in their constitution. In the case of persons who have all the doshas in equal proportion in their (increased state), lubricating materials should be removed by administering hot water to drink and other treatment described above, appropriate to the doshas.
Only ghee (without any admixture) should not be used for oleation therapy when pitta has undergone increase and especially so when pitta is associated with ama (undigested materials in the alimentary tract), because the lubricating material quickly circulates all over the body, causing loss of consciousness and kills the person. (53-55)
स्निग्धद्रवोष्णधन्वोत्थरसभुक्स्वेदमाचरेत् । स्निग्धस्त्र्यहं स्थितः कुर्याद्विरेकं वमनंपुनः॥५६॥
एकाहं दिनमन्यच्च कफमुत्क्लेश्य तत्करैः। तिलमाषदधिक्षीरगुडमत्स्यरसादिभिः॥५७॥
The patient should be administered warm, thin soup prepared from the meat of animals living in desert-like regions, added with fatty materials. He should also be made to perspire. After three days of such treatment he should be given purgation therapy.
After one more day of oleation therapy and another day with foods which cause increase of kapha such as tila (sesame), masa (blackgram), dadhi (curds), milk, jaggery (mollases), fish and meat-soup, the person can be given emesis therapy (56-57)
मांसला मेदुरा भूरिश्लेष्माणो विषमाग्नयः । स्नेहोचिताश्च ये स्नेह्यास्तान् पूर्वं रूक्षयेत्ततः ॥५८ ॥
संस्नेहा शोधयेदेवं स्नेहव्यापन्न जायते । अलं मलानीरयितुं स्नेहश्चासात्म्यतां गतः ॥ ५९॥
If oleation therapy is to be administered to persons who are very muscular and fatty, who have profound increase of kapha, whose digestive activity is erratic and who are accustomed to fatty foods, they should be given therapies which cause dryness of the body (Deepana/Pachana?) first and next the oleation therapy followed by purificatory therapies. By this method, the complications of oleation therapy will not manifest and the lubrication after dryness will be sufficient to excite the doshas and force them out because the lubricating materials do not get accustomed to the body. (58-59)
Sadyasneha-instant lubricants
बालवृद्धादिषुस्नेहपरिहारासहिष्णुषु । योगानिमाननुद्वेगान् सद्यःस्नेहान् प्रयोजयेत् ॥६०॥
प्रभूतमांसनिष्ष्काथान् जाङ्गलानूपूजान् रसान् । स्नेहभृष्टेषु वा तेषु यवागूं नातिसंहताम् ॥६१॥
तिलचूर्णं च सस्नेहं फाणितं कृसरां तथा । तिलकाम्बलिकं भूरिस्नेहं सर्पिष्मतीमपि ॥६२॥
पेयां सुखोष्णा क्षैरेयीं पात्रे वा ससिताघृते । सर्पिर्लवणयुक्तं वा सद्योदुग्धं तथा पयः ॥६३॥
पेयां च पञ्चप्रसृतां स्त्रहैस्तण्डुलपञ्चमैः । पायसं माषमिश्रं च बहुस्नेहसमायुतम् । तैलशुण्ठीगुडरसं जीर्णे मांसरसाशिनः ॥६४॥
स्नेहं वैकं सुराच्छेन दो वा सगुडं सरम् । वसां वराहजां सर्पिः पिप्पलीं लवणं तिलान् ॥६५॥
पिप्पलीं लवणं स्नेहांश्चतुरो दधिमस्तुकम् । दना सिद्धं व्योषगर्भं धात्रीद्राक्षारसे घृतम् ॥६६॥
यवकोलकुलत्थाम्बुक्षारक्षीरसुरादधि । घृतं च सिद्धं तुल्यांशं सद्यः स्नेहनमुत्तमम् ॥६७॥
सिद्धांश्च चतुरः स्नेहान् बदरत्रिफलारसैः । योनिशुक्रामयहरान् सद्यः स्नेहान् प्रयोजयेत् ॥६८ ॥
Children, the aged, those who are unable to avoid those things which are forbidden during oleation therapy, can be given any one of the following recipes, which do not cause any harm but are sadyasnehana (produce the effects of lubrication immediately, instant lubricants).
Soup prepared by boiling large quantities of meat of animals of either desertlike region or marshy region : soup prepared by frying the meat in oil or ghee; yavagu (thin gruel) prepared with grains, meat and powder of sesame containing its oil : half-cooked mollases, krisara ( mess prepared from sesamum), kambalika (thick gruel prepared from sesamum) added with oil or ghee); milk pudding mixed with ghee and taken warm; Fresh milk drawn directly from the udder of the cow into the vessel containing sugar and ghee or ghee and salt and drunk immediately.
A drink known as Panca prasrta peya, prepared with four prasrtas of fatty substances (ghee etc) and one prasrta of rice.
Payasa (milk pudding) prepared with addition of masa (black-gram) and many kinds of fatty substances (or with liberal amount of fatty substances).
Mixture of oil, sunthirasa (juice of green ginger) and jaggery (mollases) given after digestion of meat soup.
Any one fatty material mixed with the clear supernantant fluid of sura (liquor prepared from cereals) or with curds and added with jaggery (mollases).
The vasa (muscle-fat) of boar processed with ghee, pippali, salt and tila (seasamum);
Four fatty substances (oil, ghee, muscle-fat and bone-marrow) mixed with pippali, lavana and dadhimastu (whey from curds).
Ghee processed with curds, vyosa, juice of dhatr; and draksa.
Ghee processed with equal parts each of yava, kola, kulattha, water, yavaksara, milk, sura and dadhi (curds) – is a good instant lubricator.
Four fatty substances (oil, ghee, muscle-fat and bone-marrow) processed with addition of juices of badara and decoction of triphala is another instant lubricating recipe and beneficial in diseases of the vaginal tract and reproductive tissue. (6068)
लवणोपहिताः स्नेहा: स्नेहयन्त्यचिरान्नरम् । तद्धि विष्यन्द्यरुक्षं च रूक्ष्ममुष्णं व्यवायिच ॥६९ ॥
Fatty substances mixed with salt, lubricate the body quickly in view of their properties such as causing secretion from the tissue pores, unctousness, thin ness (capable of entering through minute pores), hot potency and vyavayi property (rapidly spreading to all the parts of the body first and undergoing digestion later). (69)
गुडानूपामिषक्षीरतिलमाषसुरदधि। कुष्ठशोफप्रमेहेषु स्नेहार्थं न प्रकल्पयेत् ॥ ७० ॥
क्षीणानां त्वामयैरग्निदेहसन्धुक्षणक्षमान् ।
Mollases, meat of animals of marshy regions, milk, sesamum seeds, blackgram, sura and curds should not be used for oleation therapy for persons suffering from leprosy, dropsy and diabets. (70)
Persons emaciated by diseases should be treated with fats which promote digestive fire and strength of the body.
त्रिफलापिप्पलीपथ्यागुग्गुल्वादिविपचितान् । स्नेहान्यथास्वमेतेषां योजयेदविकारिणः ॥७१॥
They should be administered lubricating materials processed with triphala, pippali, pathya, guggulu and such others. These can also be used for persons who are emaciated by diseases and for those who can withstand the increase of digestion and physique. (71)
दीप्तान्तराग्निः परिशुद्धकोष्ठः प्रत्यग्रधातुर्बलवर्णयुक्तः। दृढेन्द्रियोमन्दजरः शतायुः स्नेहोपसवी पुरुषः प्रदिष्टः ॥७२॥
The person who resorts to oleation therapy frequently, will have his digestive activity very intense, his alimentary tract very clean, each dhatu ( tissue) well grown, endowed with strength and colour, all his sense organs in very good functioning; senility develops slowly and thus he lives to be a centenarian. (72)
॥ इति पञ्चविंशोऽध्यायः ॥
Thus ends the twenty fifth chapter
