अथातः स्थावरविषविज्ञानीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः, यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ।। १ ।।
Now we shall discourse on the chapter which treats the indications (effects, nature and operations) of Sthavara (vegetable and mineral) poisons (Sthavara-Visa-Vijnaniya). 1
Sthavara-poison
स्थावरं जङ्गमञ्चैव द्विविधं द्वितीयं विषमुच्यते । षोडशाश्रयम् ।। २ ।।
दशाधिष्ठानमाद्यन्तु मूलं पत्रं फलं पुष्पं त्वक् क्षीरं सार एव च । निर्यासो धातवश्चैव कन्दश्च दशमः स्मृतः ।। ३ ।।
Sthavara-poison : its Source (M. T. ) — There are two kinds of poison viz., that obtained from immobile things (Sthavara) and that obtained from mobile creatures (Jangama). The sources of the Sthavara (vegetable and mineral) poison are ten, while those of the Jangama (animal) poison are sixteen in number. The ten sources from which a Sthavara poison may be obtained are roots, leves, fruits, flowers, bark, milky exudations, pith (Sara), gum (Niryasa), bulb and a mineral or metal (Dhatu). 2-3
तत्र क्लीतकाश्वमारगुञ्जासुब (ग)-न्धगर्गरककरघाटविद्युच्छिखाविजयानीत्यष्टौ मूलविषाणि; विषपत्रिकालम्बावरदारुकरम्भमहाकरम्भाणि पञ्च पत्रविषाणि; कुमुद्वतीवेणुकाकरम्भमहाकरम्भकर्कोटकरेणुकखद्योतकचर्मरीभगन्धासर्पघातिनन्दनसारपाकानीति द्वादश फलविषाणि; वेत्रकादम्बवल्लीजकरम्भमहाकरम्भाणि पञ्च पुष्पविषाणि; अन्त्रपाचककर्त्तरीयसौरीयककरघाटकरम्भनन्दननाराचकानि सप्त त्वक्सारनिर्यासविषाणि; कुमुदघ्नीस्नुहीजालक्षीरीणि त्रीणि क्षीरविषाणि; फेनाश्मभस्म हरितालञ्च द्वे धातुविषे; कालकूटवत्सनाभसर्षपपालककर्दमकवैराटकमुस्तकशृङ्गीविषप्रपुण्डरीकमूलकहालाहलमहाविषकर्कटकानीति इत्येवं पञ्चपञ्चाशत् स्थावरविषाणि भवन्ति ।। ४ ।। त्रयोदश कन्दविषाणि;
Names of the different Vegetable and Mineral poisons : Klitaka, Asva-mara, Gunja, Subandha’, Gargaraka, Karaghata, Vidyuc-chikha and Vijaya are the eight root-poisons. Visa Patrika, Lamba, Avaradaruka, Karambha and Maha-Karambha are the five leaf-poisons. The fruits of Kumudvati, Renuka, Karambha, MahaKaramba, Karkotaka, Renuka, Khadyotaka, Carmari-Ibha-gandha, Sarpa-ghati, Nandana and Saara-paka, numbering twelve in all, are the twelve fruit-poisons. The flowers of Vetra, Kadamba, Vallija (Naraca – D. R.), Karambha and Maha Karambha are the five flowerpoisons. The bark, pith and gum of Antra-pacaka, Kartariya, Sauriyaka, Kara-ghata, karambha, Nandana and Varataka are the seven barkpoisons, pith-poisons and gum-poisons. The milky exudations of Kumudaghni, Snuhi and Jala-Ksiri are poisons and are known as the three Ksira-Visas, Phenasma-bhasma (white arsenic ) and Haritala (yellow orpiment) are the two mineral poisons. Kala-kuta, Vatsanabha, Sarsapaka, Palaka, Kardamaka, Vairataka, Mustaka, Srngivisa, Prapaun-darika, Mulaka, Halahala, Maha-visa and Karkataka, numbering thirteen in all, are the bulb-poisons. Thus the number of poisons obtained from the vegetable and mineral world (Sthavara) amount of fifty-five in all. 4
चत्वारि वत्सनाभानि मुस्तके द्वे प्रकीर्त्तिते । षट् चैव सर्षपाण्याहुः शेषाण्येकैकमेव तु ।। ५ ।।
Metrical Text : There are four kinds of Vatsa-nabha poisons, two kinds of Mustaka and six kinds of Sarsapaka. The remaining ones have no different species. 5
Effects of poison on the human organism
उद्वेष्टनं मूलविषैः प्रलापो मोह एव जृम्भाङ्गोद्वेष्टनश्वासा ज्ञेयाः पत्रविषेण च। तु ।। ६ ।। एव च। च।।७।। मुष्कशोफः फलविषैर्दाहोऽन्नद्वेष भवेत् पुष्पविषैश्छर्दिरामानं मोह एव त्वक्सारनिर्यासविषैरुपयुक्तैर्भवन्ति आस्यदौर्गन्ध्यपारुष्यशिरोरुक्कफसंत्रवाः ।।८।। हि । फेनागमः क्षीरविषैर्विद्भेदो धातुविषैर्मूर्च्छा गुरुजिह्वता । तालुनि । हृत्पीडनं दाहश्च प्रायेण कालघातीनि विषाण्येतानि निर्द्दिशेत् ॥ ९ ॥
Effects of poison on the human organism : Root-poisons or poisonous roots produce a twisting pain in the limbs, delirium and loss of consciousness. A leaf-poison or poisonous leaf gives rise to yawning, difficult breathing and a twisting pain in the limbs. A fruit poison is attended with a swelling of the scrotum, a burning sensation in the body and an aversion to food. A flower-poison gives rise to vomiting, distension of the abdomen and loss of conssciousness. A bark-poison, or pith-poison, or gum-poison is marked by a fetid in the mouth, roughness of the body, headache and a secretion of Kapha (mucus from the mouth). The effects of the poisonous milky exudations (of a tree, plant or creeper) are foaming from the mouth, loose stools (diarrhoea) and heaviness of the tongue, whereas a mineral poison gives rise to pain in the heart, fainting and burning sensation in the region of the palate. All these are slow poisons proving fatal only after a considerable length of time. 6-9
Effects of Bulb-poisons
कन्दजानि तु तीक्ष्णानि तेषां वक्ष्यामि विस्तरम् । स्पर्शाज्ञानं कालकूटे वेपथुः स्तम्भ एव च ।। १० ।। ग्रीवास्तम्भो वत्सनाभे पीतविण्मूत्रनेत्रता । सर्षपे तालुवैगुण्यम् आनाहो ग्रन्थिजन्म च ।। ११ ।। ग्रीवादौर्बल्यवाक्सङ्गौ पालकेऽनुमताविह। प्रसेकः कर्दमाख्येन वैराटकेनाङ्गदुःखं गात्रस्तम्भो वेपथुश्च जायते मुस्तकेन तु ।। १३ ।। शृङ्गीविषेणाङ्गसाददाहोदरविवृद्धयः रक्तत्वमक्ष्णोर्वृद्धिस्तथोदरे ।। १४ ।। पुण्डरीकेण विड्भेदो नेत्रपीतता ।। १२ ।। शिरोरोगा जायते । वैवर्ण्य मूलकैश्छर्दिर्हिक्काशोफप्रमूढताः । चिरेणोच्छ्वसिति श्यावो नरो हालाहलेन वै ।।१५।। महाविषेण हृदये ग्रन्थिशूलोद्गमौ भृशम् । कर्कटेनोत्पतत्यूर्ध्वं हसन् दन्तान् दशत्यपि ।। १६ ।।
Effects of Bulb-poisons : Now we shall describe in full the respective effects of the bulb-poisons which are very strong (Tiksna) in their actions. The bulb-poison known as the Kalakuta produces complete anethesia, shivering and numbness. Paralysis of the neck and yellowness of the stool, urine and of the eye-balls are the symptoms produced in a case of Vatasanabha-poisoning. Retention of stool and urine (Anaha), disorders of the palate and the appearance of glands are the effects of a case of Sarsapa poisoning. Loss of speech and weakness of the neck are the symptoms in a case of Palaka poisoning. Water-brash loose stools (diarrhoea) and a yellowness of the eyes mark a case of Kardamaka-poisoning. Pain in the limbs and diseases of the head are produced in a case of Vairataka-poisoning. Shivering and a numbness of the limbs are the effects of a case of Mustakapoisoning. Lassitude, a burning sensation in the body and an enlargement of the abdomen mark a case of srngi-visa-poisoning. An enlargment of the abdomen and redness of the eyes are the symptoms of Pundarikapoisoning. A discolouring of the complexion, vomiting hic-cough, swelling and a loss of cousciousness are the effects of the Mulakapoison. Difficult breathing and a tawny brown colour of the skin mark a case of Hala-hala-poisoning. Aneurysm (Granthi) on the region of the heart and a piercing pain in the same are the symptoms in a case of Maha-visa-poisoning; while a case of Karkataka-poisoning is marked by laughing, gushing of the teeth and jumping up (without any cause). 10-16
कन्दजान्युग्रवीर्याणि प्रत्युक्तानि सर्वाणि त्रयोदश। दशभिर्गुणैः ।। १७ ।।
कुशलैर्ज्ञेयान्येतानि रूक्षमुष्णं तथा तीक्ष्णं सूक्ष्ममाशु व्यवायि च। विकाशि विशदञ्चैव लघ्वपाकि च तत् स्मृतम् ।। १८ ।।
Specific properties of the above-named Bulb-poisons: These thirteen kinds of bulbous poisons should be deemed a very strong¹ in their potency and they possess the following ten properties in common. They are parching (Ruksa) and heat-making (Usna ) in their potency. They are sharp (Tiksna) and subtle (Suksma) i.e, have the power of penetrating into the minutest capillaries of the body and are instantaneous (Asu) in their effects. They first permeate the whole organism and become subsequently digested (Vyavayi ) and disintegrate the rootprinciples of the body (Vikasi). They are non-viscid (Visada), light in potency (Laghu) and indigestible (Apaki). 17-18
1. The text has “Ugra-Viryani” (strong in potency). Gayi reads Agra-Viryani” (of great poteney).
तद् रौक्ष्यात् कोपयेद् वायुमौष्ण्यात् पित्तं सशोणितम् । मोहयेत् तैक्ष्ण्यादङ्गबन्धांश्छिनत्त्यपि ।। १९ । ।
मानसं शरीरावयवान् सौक्ष्म्यात् प्रविशेद् विकरोति च। आशुत्वादाशु तद्धन्ति व्यवायात् प्रकृतिं भजेत् ।। २० ।।
क्षपयेच्च विकाशित्वाद् दोषान् धातुमलानपि । वैशद्यादतिरिच्येत दुश्चिकित्स्यञ्च लाघवात् ।
दुर्हरञ्चाविपाकित्वात् तस्मात् क्लेशयते चिरम् ।। २१ ।।
A poison aggravates the bodily Vayu in virtue of its parching quality and vitiates the blood and the Pitta through its heat-generating property. It overwhelms the mind (produces unconsciousness) and tends to disintegrate the limbs and muscles in virtue of its sharpness and penetrates into and deranges the minutest capillaries owing to its extreme subtle essence. It proves speedily fatal owing to its speedy activity and spreads through the entire organism (which is the very nature of a drug) on account of its rapid permeating or expansive quality. It annihilates the root-principles ( Dhatus) as well as the Dosas and the Malas (excreta) of the body through the power of disintregation, and does not addhere to any spot therein owing to its non-viscidness. It baffles the efficacies of other drugs and thus becomes unremediable on account of the extreme lightness (of its potency), and it cannot be easily assimilated owing to its innate indigestibility. It thus proves trouble-some for a long time. 19-21
स्थावरं जङ्गमं यच्च कृत्रिमञ्चापि यद् विषम् । सद्यो व्यापादयेत् तत् तु ज्ञेयं दशगुणान्वितम् ॥ २२ ॥
A poison of whatsoever sort, whether animal, vegetable, or chemical, which proves almost instantaneously fatal (within a day ) should be regarded as possessed of all the ten aforesaid qualities. 22
Definition of Dusi-visa – weak and slow poison
यत् स्थावरं जङ्गमकृत्रिमं वा देहादशेषं यदनिर्गतं तत् । जीर्णं विषघ्नौषधिभिर्हतं वा दावाग्निवातातपशोषितं वा ।। २३ ।।
स्वभावतो वा गुणविप्रहीनं विषं हि दूषीविषतामुपैति । वीर्याल्पभावान्न निपातयेत् तत् कफावृतं वर्षगणानुबन्धि ।। २४ ।।
Definition of Dusi-visa ( weak and slow poison) : A poison whether animal, vegetable or chemical, not fully eliminated from the system and partially inherent therein, enfeebled, of course by antipoisonous remedies, is designated a Dusi-visa (weak and slow poison) which is even extended to those the keenness of potency whereof is enfeebled by the sun, the fire and the wind, as well as to those which are found to be naturally devoid of some of the ten aforesaid natural qualities of a poison. A Dusi-visa, owing to its enfeebled or attenuated virtue and as a necessary consequence of its being covered over with the bodily Kapha, ceases to be fatal though retained in the system for a number of years. 23-24
Symptoms of weak and slow poisoning
तेनार्दितो भिन्नपुरीषवर्णो विगन्ध्यवैरस्ययुतः पिपासी । मूर्च्छन् वमन् गद्गदवाग्विषण्णो भवेच्च दूष्योदरलिङ्गजुष्टः ।। २५ ।। आमाशयस्थे कफवातरोगी पक्वाशयस्थेऽनिलपित्तरोगी | भवेन्नरो ध्वस्तशिरोरुहाङ्गो विलूनपक्षस्तु यथा विहङ्गः ॥ २६ ॥ स्थितं रसादिष्वथवा यथोक्तान् करोति धातुप्रभवान् विकारान् । कोपञ्च शीतानिलदुर्दिनेषु यात्याशु, पूर्वं शृणु तत्र रूपम् ।। २७ ।।
Symptoms of weak and slow poisoning : A person afflicted with any sort of Dusi-Visa develops such symptoms as, looseness of stool (diarrhoea), a discoloured complexion, fetor in the body, bad taste in the mouth, thirst, epileptic fits, vomiting (D.R.–vertigo), lassitude, confused speech and all the symptoms of Dusyodara.¹ A Dusi-Visa lodged in the Amasaya (stomach) gives rise to diseases due to the combined action of the Vayu and Kapha; seated in the Pakvasaya (intestines) it brings on diseases due to the deranged condition of the Vayu and Pitta and leads to the falling off of the hair. The patient becomes rapidly atrophied, and looks like a wingless bird. When it attacks the Rasa, etc.¹ of the system it produces the diseases2 similar to the root or vital principles of the body. Its action on the body becomes aggravated on a cloudy day and by exposure to cold and wind. Now hear me first describing the premonitory symptoms (of its aggravation). 25-27
1. See Chapter VII para 10, Nidana-sthana.
निद्रागुरुत्वञ्च विजृम्भणञ्च विश्लेषहर्षावथवाऽङ्गमर्दः । ततः करोत्यन्नमदाविपाकावरोचकं मण्डलकोठमोहान् ॥ २८ ॥
धातुक्षयं पादकरास्यशोकं दकोदरं छर्दिमथातिसारम् । वैवर्ण्यमूर्च्छाविषमज्वरान् वा कुर्यात् प्रवृद्धां प्रबलां तृषां वा ।। २९ ।।
उन्मादमन्यज्जनयेत् तथाऽन्यदानाहमन्यत् क्षपयेच्च शुक्रम् | गाद्गद्यमन्यज्जनयेच्च कुष्ठं तांस्तान् विकारांश्च बहुप्रकारान् ।। ३० ।।
Premonitory Symptoms of Dusi-Visa poisoning: They are as follow : Sleepiness, heaviness ( of the limbs ), yawning, a sense of looseness (in the joints), horripilation and aching of the limbs. These are followed by a sense of intoxication after meals, indigestion, disrelish for food, eruption of circular patches (Mandala) on the skin, urticaria (Kotha), fainting fits, loss of the vital principles of the organism (D.R.–loss of flesh), swelling of the face and the extremities (D.R.–Atrophy of the hands and legs), ascites (Dakodara), vomiting, epileptic fits, Visama-jvara, high-fever and an unquenchchable thirst. Moreover, some of these poisons produce insanity. Some of them are characterised by an obstinate constipation of the bowels (Anaha), others, by an involuntary emission of semen while a few others produce confused speech, Kustha ( leprosy), or some other similar disease. 28-30
दूषितं देशकालान्नदिवास्वप्नैरभीक्ष्णशः । यस्माद् दूषयते धातून् तस्माद् दूषीविषं स्मृतम् ।। ३१ ।।
Derivative Meaning of Dusi-Visa” : A constant use of some particular time,³ place and diet as well as constant and regular day sleep tends ( slowly) to poison the fundamental root-principles (Dhatus ) of the body and this (slow) poison is consequently known as the DusiVisa. 31
1. These are the seven fundamental principles of the body.
See Chapter xxvii, Sutra Sthana.
( 3. By the particular time” is meant a cloudy and windy day as well as the rainy season. By “the particular place” is meant a marshy country, and by the particular diet” is meant wine, sesamum, Kulattha-pulse, etc. as well as physical exercise, sexual intercourse, fits of anger, etc.
Symptoms of the different stages of Sthavara poisoning
स्थावरस्योपयुक्तस्य वेगे तु प्रथमे नृणाम् । श्यावा जिह्वा भवेत् स्तब्धा मूर्च्छा श्वासश्च जायते । ॥ ३२ ॥
द्वितीये वेपथुः स्वे- (सा) – दो दाहः कण्ठरुजस्तथा । विषमामाशयप्राप्तं कुरुते वेदनाम् ।। ३३ ।। हृदि
तालुशोषं तृतीये तु दुर्वर्णे हरिते शूने पक्वामाशययोस्तोदो शूलञ्चामाशये चास्य जायेते जायेते चास्य
चतुर्थे कफप्रसेको जायते हिक्का कासोऽन्त्रकूजनम् । शिरसश्चातिगौरवम् ।। ३५ ।।
पञ्चमे । पर्वभेदश्च वेगे वैवर्ण्य सर्वदोषप्रकोपश्च पक्वाधाने षष्ठे भृशम् । लोचने ।। ३४ ।।
प्रज्ञाप्रणाशश्च स्कन्धपृष्ठकटीभङ्गः वेदना ।। ३६ ।।
भृशं वाप्यतिसार्यते । सन्निरोधश्च सप्तमे ।। ३७ ।।
Symptoms of the different stages of Sthavara poisoning: In the first stage of a case of poisoning by a Sthavara (vegetable or mineral) poison, the tongue becomes dark brown and numbed, and epileptic fits and hard breathing follow in its wake. The second stage is marked by such symptoms as shivering, perspiration, burning sensation, and pain in the throat when seated in the Amasaya (stomach) it causes pain in the region of the heart. The third stage is marked by a dryness of the palate and severe (colic) pain in the stomach. The eyes become discoloured, yellow-tinted and swollen. When seated in the Pakvasaya (intestines ) and amasaya it produces hic-cough, cough, and a sort of pricking pain and rumbling sound in the Antra (intestines). The fourth stage is marked by an extreme heaviness of the head. The fifth stage is marked by salivation, discolouring of the body and a breaking pain in the joints. It is marked also by the aggravation of all the Dosas and pain in the Pakvadhana (intestines ? ). The sixth stage is characterised by loss of consciousness or excessive diarrhoea; while the seventh stage is marked by a breaking pain in the back, the shoulders and the waist and a complete stoppage (of respiration ). 1 32-37
1. The seven stages of the poisoning are due to the poisoning of the seven fundamental root-principles (Dhatus) of the body in succession.
Treatment
प्रथमे विषवेगे तु वान्तं शीताम्बु मधुसर्पिय अगदं पाययेत् द्वितीये पूर्ववद् वान्तं पाययेत् तु तृतीयेऽगदपानन्तु चतुर्थे स्नेहसंमिश्रं
पञ्चमे षष्ठेतीसारवत्हि तं नस्यं पाययेतागदं क्षौद्रमधुकक्वाथयुक्तं सिद्धिरवपीडश्च सप्तमे । सेचितम् । समायुतम् ।। ३८।।
विरेचनम् । तथाऽञ्जनम् ।। ३९ ।। भिषक् । प्रदापयेत् ।। ४० ।। मूर्ध्नि काकपदं कृत्वा सासृग् वा पिशितं क्षिपेत् ॥ ४१ ।।
Treatment: In the first stage the patient should be made to vomit and to drink cold water after that. Then an Agada (Anti-poisonous remedy) mixed with honey and clarified butter should be given to him. In the second stage, the patient should be first made to vomit as in the preceding stage and then a purgative should be given to him. Antipoisonous potions, medicated snuffs (Nasya) and Anjanas possessed of similar virtues are beneficial in the third stage. An anti-poisonous potions through the vehicle of a Sneha (clarified butter) is efficacious in the fourth stage. In the fifth stage the patient should be given an antipoisonous medicine with the decoction of Yasti-madhu and honey. In the sixth stage the treatment should be as in a case of diarrhoea (Atisara) and the use of a medicated snuff in the form of an Avapida is recommended. The latterremedy (Avapida-Nasya) should be applied in the seventh stage as well and the scalp after being shaved in the shape of Kaka-pada (crow’s claw ) should also 2 be incised with a small incision. The flesh alongwith blood (of a freshly sacrificed animal) should then be kept over that. 38-41
वेगान्तरे त्वन्यतमे कृते कर्मणि शीतलाम् । यवागूं सघृतक्षौद्रामिमां दद्याद् विचक्षणः ।। ४२ ।।
कोषातक्योऽग्निकः पाठासूर्यवल्लचमृताभयाः । शिरीषः किणिही शेलुर्गिर्याह्ना रजनीद्वयम् ॥ ४३ ॥
1. The particular form of shaving the hair, in which the part of the scalp from and above the forehead only is shaved is technically called a Kaka-pada.
2. The particle “va” means that the measures laid down in respect of the treatment of a Jangama poison viz. beating the patient on the head, forehead, etc., should also be resorted to.
Kosatakyadi Yavagu
पुनर्नवे हरेणुश्च त्रिकटुः सारिवे बला। एषां यवागूर्नि: क्वाथे कृता हन्ति विषद्वयम् ॥ ४४ ॥
Kosatakyadi Yavagu : After adopting the respective measures enjoined in respect of the several stage of poisoning, the patient should, in the interval of any two stages be made to drink in a cold state a gruel (Yavagu) prepared with the decoctions of Kosataki (Ghosa), Agnika (Ajamoda), Patha, Surya-valli, Amrta, Abhaya, Sirisa, Kinihi, Selu, Giryahua, (white Aparajita), the two kinds of Rajani, the two kinds of Punarnava, Harenu, Trikatu, Sariva, and Bala (D. R. Sariva and Utpala) mixed with honey and clarified butter. This is beneficial in both the cases of (animal and vegetable) poisoning. 42-44
तगरं मधुकं पुन्नागैलैलवालूनि विडङ्गं चन्दनं पत्रं कुष्ठं भद्रदारु नागपुष्पोत्पलं प्रियङ्गुर्ध्यामकं हरेणवः । सिता ।। ४५ ।।
हरिद्रे द्वे बृहत्यौ च सारिवे च स्थिरा तथा । सिद्धमजेयमिति कल्कैरेषां घृतं विषाणि हन्ति सर्वाणि शीघ्रमेवाजितं सहा ।। ४६ ।।
विश्रुतम् । क्वचित् ।। ४७ ।।
Ajeya-Ghrita
Ajeya-Ghrita : Clarified butter should be duly cooked with an adequate quantity of water and the Kalka of Yasti madhu, Tagara, Kustha, Bhadra-daru, Harenu, Punnaga, Ela, Ela-valuka, Nagakesara, Utpala, sugar, Vidanga, Candana, Patra, Priyangu, Dhyamaka, the two kinds of Haridra, the two kinds of Brhati, the two kinds of Sariva, Sthira (Sala-parni) and Saha (Prsni-parni). It is called the Ajeya-Ghrita. It speedily destroys all kinds of poison in the system and is infallible in its efficacy. 45-47
Visari Agada
दूषीविषार्त्तं सुस्विन्नमूर्ध्वंञ्चाधश्च शोधितम् । पाययेतागदं नित्यमिमं दूषीविषापहम् ।। ४८ ।।
पिप्पल्यो ध्यामकं मांसी शावर: परिपेलवम् । सुवर्चिका ससूक्ष्मैला तोयं कनकगैरिकम् ।। ४९ ।।
क्षौद्रयुक्तोऽगदो ह्येष दूषीविषमपोहति । नाम्ना दूषीविषारिस्तु न चान्यत्रापि वार्यते ।। ५० ।।
Visari Agada : A patient afflicted with the effect of Dusi Visa inherent in the system should be first fomented and cleansed by both emetics and purgatives. The follwing anti-poisonous Agada (medicine) should then be taken daily. The recipe of this Agada is as follows: Pippali, Dhyamaka, Mamsi, Savara (Lodhra), Paripelava’, Suvarcika, small Ela, Toya (Balaka) and Suvarna-Gairika should be taken with honey. It destroys, when taken, the Dusi-Visa (slow chemical poisoning) in the system. It is called the Visari-Agada and its efficacy extends also to cases of all other kinds of poisoning. 48-50
Treatment of the Supervening Symptoms of poisoning
ज्वरे दाहे च हिक्कायामानाहे शुक्रसंक्षये । शोफेऽतिसारे मूर्च्छायां हृद्रोगे जठरेऽपि वा ।। ५१ ॥
उन्मादे वेपथौ चैव ये चान्ये स्युरुपद्रवाः । यथास्वं तेषु कुर्वीत विषघ्नैरौषधैः क्रियाम् ॥ ५२ ॥
Treatment of the Supervening Symptoms of poisoning : Cases of fever, burning sensation in the body, hic-cough, constipation of the bowels, loss of semen, swelling, diarrhoea, epileptic fits, heartdisease, ascites, insanity, shivering, and such other supervening symptoms (consequent on the effects of a Dusi-Visa inherent in the system) should be treated with remedies laid down under the respective heads of the aforesaid diseases in accompaniment with (suitable) antipoisonous medicines. 51-52
साध्यमात्मवतः सद्यो याप्यं संवत्सरोत्थितम् । विषय क्षीणस्याहितसेविनः ।। ५३ ।।
Prognosis: A case of Dusi-Visa poisoning in a prudent and judicious person, and of recent growth is easily cured, while palliation is the only relief that can be offered in a case of more than a year’s standing. In an enfeebled and intemperate patient, it should be considered as incurable. 53
इति सुश्रुतसंहितायां कल्पस्थाने स्थावरविषविज्ञानीयो नाम द्वितीयोऽध्यायः ॥ २ ॥
Thus ends the second Chapter of the Kalpa Sthana in the Susruta Samhita which treats of the Sthavara Jangama poisons.
